In general, lead-acid batteries with colloidal electrolyte are usually called colloidal batteries, and the simplest way is to add a gelling agent to sulfuric acid to make the sulfuric acid electrolyte become colloidal.
The difference between colloidal batteries and ordinary lead-acid batteries has been further developed from the initial understanding of electrolyte gelling to the electrochemical characteristics of the electrolyte infrastructure, as well as the application and promotion in grids and active substances. For example, non-condensable water-based colloids belong to colloidal batteries from the perspective of electrochemical classification structure and characteristics; Another example is the attachment of polymer materials in the grid, commonly known as ceramic grids, which can also be regarded as the application characteristics of colloidal batteries.
Since the advent of lead-acid batteries, it has been widely used by human beings in various fields. After the ordinary lead-acid battery is used for a period of time, the electrolyte moisture decreases resulting in a change in sulfuric acid concentration, and the maintenance of adding water in the later stage is cumbersome; On the other hand, acid mist precipitation during charging, causing certain harm to the environment and equipment, in order to firmly lock the electrolyte, colloidal electrolyte lead-acid battery came into being.
At first, the colloidal battery used water glass to make the electrolyte, which was directly added to the dry battery, which effectively fixed the electrolyte and reduced the acid mist precipitation, but the battery capacity was about 20% lower, so it was not developed. Until the 80s of last century, China gradually introduced the gel battery of the German Sonnenschein Company, so that the gel battery received widespread attention
The basic working principle of colloidal batteries is the same as that of ordinary lead-acid batteries, but the silicone gel in the battery is a three-dimensional porous network structure made of SiQ particles as the bone structure, which encapsulates the electrolyte inside, and when the electrolyte-infused silica sol becomes a gel, the skeleton further shrinks, so that the gel cracks run through the positive and negative plates, and the oxygen precipitated by the positive electrode supplies a channel to the negative electrode. It is not difficult to see that the sealing working principle of colloidal batteries and AGM batteries is the same, the difference is in the way the electrolyte is fixed and the way oxygen is supplied to the negative channel.